中国古亚洲域沉积盆地火山岩油气藏储层特征比较及其差异分析   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

杨明慧  兰朝利 《地质学报》2012,86(8):1198-1209

在中国古亚洲域沉积盆地火山岩储层母岩年代和岩性、储集空间类型以及火山岩岩相综合分析的基础上,探讨了火山岩油气藏的储层特征及其差异性。研究表明,中国古亚洲域火山岩储层的母岩发育年代西早东晚,西部的准噶尔、三塘湖和吐哈盆地发育晚古生代海相、海陆交互相的中基性安山岩、玄武岩及火山碎屑岩;东部的松辽、二连和海拉尔盆地发育中生代陆相中酸性流纹岩、安山岩。火山岩原生储集空间包括气孔、孔洞以及冷凝收缩裂缝等;次生储集空间包括各种溶蚀孔及构造裂缝、风化裂缝等。火山岩岩相可分喷出相、火山通道相、次火山相和火山沉积相。其中中基性岩类多以溢流相开始,相序类型为溢流相、爆发相/火山沉积相;中酸性岩类多以爆发相或火山通道相发端,主要相序为爆发相、溢流相/侵出相。溢流相一般发育原生气孔、构造缝;爆发相多为粒间孔,而侵出相以角砾间孔和原生裂缝为主。火山岩储层的差异受多因素影响,包括岩性岩相、喷发环境以及后期构造、成岩作用等。前者奠定火山岩储层形成与分布的基础和储集空间的发育程度;后者则改造储层的储渗性能。  相似文献   

地下工程软弱岩体围岩结构的地震探测技术   总被引：10，自引：5，他引：5  

王希良  彭苏萍  肖建华 《工程地质学报》2005,13(3):429-432

控制地下工程软弱岩体特征的一个重要前提是围岩工程地质条件评价以及围岩的地质结构的定量认识,而目前软岩巷道支护难的主要原因是对巷道工程地质条件和围岩结构认识不清、支护对象不明确。基于以上分析,本文以显德汪矿主运输巷道为试验研究对象,采用地震技术对软弱岩体围岩结构进行了全断面探测,实现了岩体结构的空间定位和精确探测,进而为支护形式和支护参数的选择提供了直观可靠的工程地质依据。  相似文献   

Prediction of overland flow and seepage zones associated with the interaction of multiple infiltration devices (cascading infiltration devices)     

David D. J. Antia 《水文研究》2008,22(14):2595-2614

Infiltration devices are traditionally evaluated as standalone entities that do not interact with each other. A model is outlined that will allow interactions between proposed infiltration devices to be predicted prior to a development commencing. The model allows prediction of seepage into downslope devices and the assessment of the locations where the combined ground‐water mound will reach the surface and result in overland flow. The volume of overland flow discharged by the seepage zone may exceed the overland and piped flow received by the infiltration devices. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

Effects of wind waves of the Pacific westerly on the eastern Pacific wave transport   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

DENG Zeng''an  WU Kejian  ZHAO Dongliang  YU Ting 《海洋学报(英文版)》2009,28(1):83-88

There exists a tongueshaped swelldominance pool known as Swell Pool (SP) in the Eastern Pacific region. The monthlymean wave transports (WT) for each month of 2000 is computed using the wave products of ECMWF reanalysis data. By comparing the 2000 monthlymean WT and monthlymean wind field from QUICKSCAT, large differences are found between the wave transport direction and the wind direction over the Eastern Pacific. This may serve as an evidence for the existence of the SP in this region. The work done in this study indicates that the sources of swell in the Tropical Eastern Pacific (TEP) are in the westerly regions of the Southern and Northern Pacific.  相似文献   

Distinct activity phases during the recent geologic history of a Gulf of Mexico mud volcano     

I.R. MacDonald  M.B. Peccini 《Marine and Petroleum Geology》2009

Laser line scan imaging and chirp sub-bottom profiling were used to detail the morphology of a submarine mud volcano and brine-filled crater at 652 m water depth in the northern Gulf of Mexico. The mud volcano has a relief of 6 m and a basal diameter of about 80 m. The feature comprises a central, brine-filled crater (253 m²) surrounded by a continuous bed of methanotrophic mussels (Bathymodiolus childressi) covering 434 m² and a patchy bed covering an additional 214 m² of the periphery. The brine pool was mostly <2 m deep, but there were two holes of >28 m and 12 m deep, respectively at the northern end of the pool which emitted continual streams of small clear bubbles. Sub-bottom profiles indicated three distinct strata beneath the present surface of the mud volcano. Integration of 17 profiles shows that the mud volcano has been built in at least three successive stages: the lowest stage deposited 35,400 m³, while the middle and upper stages deposited 7700 and 20,400 m³, respectively. Piston cores were taken at the northern edge of the mussel bed and a site ∼100 m southwest of the pool. Mussel and lucinid shells were recovered from the closer core, lucinid shells from the distant core. A mussel shell from 3.4 m sub-bottom had a Δ¹⁴C age of 16.2 ka. Mixture of modern carbon with “carbon dead” reservoir material would produce actual ages ∼2 ka less than the radiocarbon ages.  相似文献   

Zonal displacement of western Pacific warm pool and zonal wind anomaly over the Pacific Ocean     

张启龙  张庆华  侯一筠  许建平  翁学传  程明华 《中国海洋湖沼学报》2007,25(3):277-285

The thermal condition anomaly of the western Pacific warm pool and its zonal displacement have very important influences on climate change in East Asia and even the whole world. However, the impact of the zonal wind anomaly over the Pacific Ocean on zonal displacement of the warm pool has not yet been analyzed based on long-term record. Therefore, it is important to study the zonal displacement of the warm pool and its response to the zonal wind anomaly over the equatorial Pacific Ocean. Based on the NCDC monthly averaged SST (sea surface temperature) data in 2°×2° grid in the Pacific Ocean from 1950 to 2000, and the NCEP/NCAR global monthly averaged 850 hPa zonal wind data from 1949 to 2000, the relationships between zonal displacements of the western Pacific warm pool and zonal wind anomalies over the tropical Pacific Ocean are analyzed in this paper. The results show that the zonal displacements are closely related to the zonal wind anomalies over the western, central and eastern equatorial Pacific Ocean. Composite analysis indicates that during ENSO events, the warm pool displacement was trigged by the zonal wind anomalies over the western equatorial Pacific Ocean in early stage and the process proceeded under the zonal wind anomalies over the central and eastern equatorial Pacific Ocean unless the wind direction changes. Therefore, in addition to the zonal wind anomaly over the western Pacific, the zonal wind anomalies over the central and eastern Pacific Ocean should be considered also in investigation the dynamical mechanisms of the zonal displacement of the warm pool.  相似文献   

基于多源资料的一次弓状强飑线成熟结构研究          下载免费PDF全文

孙玉婷  李红莉  汪小康  康兆萍  肖艳姣  林建 《气象科学》2023,43(5):632-642

利用局地分析和预报系统（Local Analysis and Prediction System，LAPS），结合多源资料，分析了2018年3月4日暖区强飑线成熟阶段的热动力结构和大风形成机制。结果表明：暖区内层结不稳定范围向东扩展和强的垂直风切变，驱动飑线组织化加强并向前移动和发展。成熟阶段飑线热动力结构呈现出两支强入流和冷池的典型特征，即前侧入流在低层（0~3.0 km）辐合上升，部分气流在高层翻转流向系统前侧，无后向流出；后侧中层（4.0~5.5 km）入流进入云体后部，在水凝物强烈相变降温作用下，密度增大转而下沉；下沉气流区降雨蒸发冷却增强了雷暴冷池。相比于飑线南段单一的对流线，北段弓形特点突出，后侧入流下降，加之存在尾随层状云，有更大的潜在冷却作用，促进气流加速下沉增强地面雷暴高压，最终导致更强的极端大风。  相似文献   

储层预测和油藏描述中的一些沉积学问题   总被引：11，自引：3，他引：8  

王多云  李凤杰  王峰  刘自亮  王志坤  李树同  秦红 《沉积学报》2004,22(2):193-197

储层预测和油藏描述方法技术已经在油气资源勘探开发工程中发挥着日益重要的作用。然而,在重视其方法进步与技术创新的同时,更要注重其丰富的石油地质学内涵。特别是研究对象为岩性、地层等隐蔽油气藏时,其核心内容涉及到沉积地质学的诸多理论问题。基于此因,本文针对我国陆相盆地河流-三角洲-湖泊沉积体系中岩性油气藏的特点,对储层预测和油藏描述中一些诸如:研究对象的背景及其地质基础;油气藏的储层相构形描述;三角洲前缘储层的成因类型及其描述;小尺度岩相制图、成藏要素及目标优选以及以流动单元为对象的储层三维构形研究与油藏描述等沉积地质学的问题给予了阐述。强调储层预测和油藏描述技术离不开沉积地质学这一根本基础。  相似文献   

2014年5月8—9日引发珠江口区域强降水的两个长生命史MCS特征分析     

陈涛  张芳华  符娇兰  于超 《气象》2020,46(4):449-461

2014年5月8日上午至9日白天,广东中南部珠江口地区连续受MCS A1、MCS A2两个长生命史中尺度对流系统影响,形成长时间强降水。其中5月8日午后华南内陆地区MCS A1逐步增强,从广西东部向广东珠江口方向移动,陆上活动时间超过11 h; MCS A2从9日凌晨至上午持续影响珠江口沿海地区,维持时间超过9 h,导致珠江口沿海地区出现400 mm 以上单站降水量。过程发生前,8日早上华南南部地区具有弱地面温度梯度,中午MCS A1对流触发与广西南部地面南风增强、华南南部云开大山—云雾山中尺度地形抬升有紧密关系;在弱斜压环境条件下,MCS A1从层云伴随线状对流结构演变为中尺度涡旋组织结构。8日夜间MCS S1入海后,与陆上遗留冷池相关的地面温度边界稳定在珠江口西侧沿海地区;9日凌晨西南低空急流增强后,MCS A2在珠江口沿海残留冷池边界附近开始发展,在向上游迎风方向传播的过程中,逐步形成多条平行β中尺度线状对流组织结构,对流系统整体移动缓慢,造成珠江口沿海地区出现较高的总降水量。计算表明MCS A2冷池边界扩张速度与低层垂直切变相对平衡,有利于形成较为直立的对流单体,增强的边界层水汽输送、更高的对流单体高度有利于产生较高的降水强度。通过总结这两个华南地区长生命史MCS发生发展过程,表明通过分析对流反馈造成的边界层/近地面层热动力特征变化,对于分析MCS发展特征、提高华南前汛期中尺度暴雨预报能力具有重要意义。  相似文献   

地形作用下低空急流的演变与强降水对流风暴系统的相互作用   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

黄小彦  孙继松  刘文婷 《气象学报》2020,78(4):551-567

利用雷达、卫星、风廓线雷达和地面加密区域自动气象站等观测资料,分析了2016年入梅后发生在鄂东地区一次极端强降水事件的中尺度对流系统发生发展过程、结构演变及其传播特征,旨在揭示造成强降水过程中的3个中尺度对流系统（MCS）的触发、发展、维持机理以及它们之间内在的中尺度动力学关系,尤其是地形作用下的低空急流的演变与强降水对流风暴系统相互作用过程。研究表明:（1）与大多数梅雨锋上的强降水带与低空切变线平行分布不同,此次极端强降水雨带呈倾斜的“n”字形,其中两条主雨带近乎与低空切变线垂直;此次极端强降水分别由大别山迎风坡上西北—东南向MCS、湖北中东部平原地区西北—东南向MCS和桐柏—大洪山东侧东北—西南向MCS造成。3个MCS移动缓慢,都具有后向传播的特征。（2）大别山迎风坡上MCS初始雷暴是低空急流下边界不断向下扩展过程中在地形抬升作用下触发的,而湖北中东部平原地区的MCS和桐柏—大洪山东侧MCS的触发、发展、加强都与大别山迎风坡上MCS形成的冷池加速推进形成的出流边界与环境气流形成的强烈辐合抬升作用有关。（3）垂直于大别山的边界层西南急流对山坡上的对流冷池产生的顶托作用不仅平衡了冷池密度流产生的向下作用力,而且进一步强化了山区的辐合抬升强度,使得大别山迎风坡上强降水风暴系统得以长时间维持和发展;当山坡上的对流冷池堆积到足够厚度,或者由于低空急流的下边界迅速抬升时,这种平衡被打破,大范围的冷池俯冲下山并在平原地区快速推进,造成了湖北中东部平原地区大范围的雷暴大风和MCS发展加强,并沿冷池前沿逐步组织化,形成平原地区东南—西北向的强降水带。   相似文献